Inkomoko ya Diyabete
Diyabete, cyangwa Diabetes Mellitus, ni indwara iterwa no kubura cyangwa gukorwa nabi kw’insuline – imisemburo ikorwa n’urwagashya (pancreas) ifasha umubiri gukoresha isukari (glucose) iri mu maraso. Iyo insuline idahari cyangwa idakora neza, isukari yigumira mu maraso, bigatuma igipimo cyayo kiba kinini bityo bikagira ingaruka ku buzima
Amoko ya Diyabete
Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere (Type 1 Diabetes):
Iterwa n’uko umubiri wisenyera insuline wifite. Abantu bafite ubu bwoko baba bagomba gufata insuline buri munsi.
Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa kabiri (Type 2 Diabetes):
Iterwa n’uko umubiri udakoresha insuline neza cyangwa ntikabe ihagije. Akenshi ijyana n’imirire mibi, ibiro byinshi n’imyitozo idahagije.
Gestational Diabetes:
Iboneka mu bagore batwite, ariko ishobora kuzarangira nyuma y’ubwaro, nubwo hari ubwo ituma babyeyi bagira uburwayi bwa type 2 nyuma.
Ububi bwa Diyabete
Diyabete ni indwara ishobora kwangiza ibice bitandukanye by’umubiri:
Umutima n’imitsi: Itera umuvuduko w’amaraso, stroke, n’indwara z’umutima.
Amaso: Ishobora gutera ubuhumyi (retinopathy).
Impyiko: Itera gusenyuka kw’udusabo tw’amaraso tw’impyiko bigatera gusaza kwazo.
Amaguru n’intoki: Kwangirika k’uturemangingo (nerve damage) gutuma utumva neza cyangwa ukagira ububabare.
Kwangirika kw’uruhu: Indwara z’uruhu, amaguru yibyimba cyangwa akabyimba bikarenga.
Icyitonderwa: Diyabete itavuwe neza ishobora no gutera koma ya diyabete (diabetic coma), igakurikirwa n’urupfu.
Ese Diyabete Yandura?
Diyabete nti yandura nk’izindi ndwara ziterwa na mikorobi. Ntivamo umuntu umwe ngo ijye ku wundi nk’uko virusi cyangwa bagiteri zikorwa. Ariko:
Type 2 diabetes ishobora guterwa no kwigana imirire cyangwa imibereho mibi y’ababyeyi (kubura imyitozo, kurya ibinyasukari byinshi), nubwo hari n’uruhare rw’imiterere y’imiryango (genetics).
Diyabete yo mu muryango (hereditary) irashoboka, ariko si ukuvuga ko ari “kwandura” mu buryo bwa virusi.
Uko Diyabete Yica
Diyabete yica mu buryo butaziguye cyangwa butaziguye:
Indwara z’umutima: 70% by’abafite diyabete bicwa n’indwara zijyanye n’umutima n’imitsi.
Gusaza kw’impyiko: Diyabete niyo iza ku isonga mu gutuma abantu bashaka machine zibasimburira impyiko.
Ibisebe by’amaguru: Bitavurwa neza bigatera kuribwa amaguru (amputation).
Koma ya diyabete: Iyo isukari yazamutse cyane cyangwa yaguye cyane.
Stroke (Paralysis): Guturika kw’imitsi cyangwa guhagarara kwayo.
Uburyo bwo Kuyirinda no Kuyirwanya
Kurwanya diyabete no kuyirinda bisaba ibi bikurikira:
A. Imirire iboneye
Kwirinda ibiryo bikize ku binyamavuta byinshi n’isukari nyinshi (nka soda, ibinyamasukari byinshi).
Kurya imboga, imbuto, ibinyampeke bidaseye.
B. Gukora Siporo
Siporo nk’ugusiganwa, kugenda n’amaguru, kwiruka, yoga n’ibindi bifasha umubiri gukoresha isukari neza.
C. Kugenzura ibiro
- Kwirinda umubyibuho ukabije bigabanya ibyago byo kurwara Type 2 diabetes.
D. Kwipimisha kenshi
- Gupimisha igipimo cy’isukari mu maraso nibura rimwe mu mezi 3, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite ibyago (nk’abafite umubyibuho ukabije, abarwaye umutima cyangwa bafite ababyeyi barwaye diyabete).
Icyitonderwa
Diyabete ni indwara itica uwo munsi, ariko igaragaza ububi bwayo buhoraho buhinyanyura umuntu gahoro gahoro. Gusa, birashoboka kuyirinda, kuyirwanya no kuyigabanya ingaruka hakiri kare. Kumenya byinshi ku bijyanye na diyabete ni intwaro ikomeye yo kuyarinda ubuzima bwawe n’ubw’abandi.
