. Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe ni iki?
Ikibyimba cyo mu mutwe ni ukubyimba kw’uturemangingo (cells) tuba mu bwonko cyangwa hafi yabwo, gishobora kuba cyiza (kitari cancer) cyangwa kibi (cancerous). Iyo tumera, dushobora gukandamiza ubwonko, tukagira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikorere yabwo.
Hariho ubwoko bubiri bw’ibibyimba byo mu mutwe:
Primary brain tumors: Bivukira mu bwonko ubwabwo.
Secondary (metastatic) tumors: Biva ahandi mu mubiri bikaza mu bwonko (nk’ava mu bihaha, amabere, igifu n’ahandi).
Inkomoko n’Impamvu Bitera Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe
Nubwo impamvu zitera iyi ndwara zitamenyekana neza buri gihe, hari ibintu bishobora gufatwa nk’ibyongera ibyago:
Nubwo impamvu zitera iyi ndwara zitamenyekana neza buri gihe, hari ibintu bishobora gufatwa nk’ibyongera ibyago:
A. Imiterere y’uturemangingo (Genetics)
Hari abantu bafite uturemangingo duhinduka kubera imihindagurikire ya ADN (mutations), bigatuma cell zigenda zibyimba bitagenwe n’umubiri.
B. Kuvukana ikibazo (Congenital defects)
Hari abavukana imiterere itari isanzwe ishobora gutera ibibyimba by’ubwonko.
C. Imiti cyangwa imirasire mibi (Radiation exposure)
- Kugerwaho n’imirasire myinshi (nk’iyo bita ionizing radiation) cyangwa kwivuza cancer mbere hifashishijwe radiothérapie, bishobora gutera ibibyimba byo mu bwonko.
D. Virus zimwe na zimwe
- Virus nka Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) cyangwa HIV zishobora gufatwa nk’izifitanye isano n’ibibyimba bimwe na bimwe.
E. Ibiro by’ikirenga n’imirire mibi
- Nubwo bitaratangazwa neza nk’impamvu yihariye, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko umubyibuho ukabije, imyitozo nkeya, ndetse na sukari nyinshi bishobora kongera ibyago.
3. Ese Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe Kirandura?
Oya, ikibyimba cyo mu mutwe nticyandura.
- Si virusi cyangwa bagiteri.
- Nta muntu ugifite ushobora kucyanduza undi.
- Nta gikorwa cyo gusangira ibikoresho, guhuza amaraso, cyangwa kugirana ubusabane bitera iyi ndwara.
Ibiranga Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe (Ibimenyetso)
Ibimenyetso biterwa n’aho ikibyimba kiri mu bwonko, ubunini bwacyo, n’uko cyiyongera. Harimo:
Kuribwa umutwe bihoraho, cyane cyane mu gitondo.
Kuzungera, gucika intege, n’uburibwe butandukanye.
Guta ubwenge mu gihe gito (confusion).
Kugira ibibazo mu kureba, kuvuga cyangwa kumva.
Guhinduka kw’imyitwarire cyangwa kwibagirwa.
Seizures (gucika intege nk’abarwaye epilepsy).
Kudashobora kugenzura ingingo zimwe z’umubiri.
Uko Wakirinda Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe
Nubwo hari ibyo umuntu atashobora guhindura (nk’ihinduka ry’uturemangingo), hari ingamba zafasha mu kwirinda:
Kwirinda imirasire ikabije cyangwa kuba ahantu hari radiation nyinshi.
Kurya indyo iboneye, irimo imboga, imbuto, ibinyampeke, amafi n’imboga zitagira pesticide.
Kwikorera isuzuma rya buri gihe, cyane cyane ku bantu bafite umuryango wigeze kugira cancer.
Kwihutira kwivuza igihe hagaragaye ibimenyetso bidasanzwe ku mutwe.
Kwirinda ibiyobyabwenge n’itabi, kuko bigira uruhare mu ndwara za cancer.
Uko Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe Givurwa
Gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya uburemere bwacyo biterwa n’ubwoko, ubunini, n’aho giherereye. Uburyo bukoreshwa:
Gukuraho cyangwa kugabanya uburemere bwacyo biterwa n’ubwoko, ubunini, n’aho giherereye. Uburyo bukoreshwa:
A. Kubaga (Surgery):
- Iyo gishobora gukurwaho, abaganga by’umutwe (neurosurgeons) bagikuramo.
B. Radiotherapy:
- Gukoresha imirasire ifite imbaraga mu kurimbura uturemangingo twakuzemo
C. Chemotherapy:
- Imiti ihanagura cyangwa igabanya ubukana bw’uturemangingo twa cancer.
D. Targeted Therapy na Immunotherapy:
- Ubu buryo bugezweho bwifashishwa ku binyabuzima byihariye bigena neza aho cancer iherereye.
Ingaruka Zikomeye z’Ikibyimba cyo mu Mutwe
Ubuhumyi, ubumuga bwo mu ngingo, cyangwa ubusembwa bw’ubwonko.
Kwibagirwa no kugira ibibazo mu gusobanukirwa (cognitive decline).
Kugira igihagararo kidahagije, gucika intege, cyangwa kuba mu cyiciro cy’”vegetative state”.
Urupfu, cyane cyane ku bibyimba bikomeye bitavurwa neza.
Icyitonderwa cya nyuma
Indwara y’ikibyimba cyo mu mutwe ni ndetse kandi igira ingaruka zikomeye, ariko iyo igaragajwe hakiri kare iravurwa ndetse hari abashobora gukira burundu, cyane cyane iyo ari benign (kitari cancer). Kubahiriza uburyo bwo kwirinda no kwipimisha kare ni ingamba zikomeye zo kurwanya iyi ndwara.
