Mu myaka ya vuba, isi yabaye ikibuga cy’amarushanwa mu bijyanye no kubaka ibikorwa remezo binini kandi bihambaye. Ku mugabane wa Aziya, u Burayi, Amerika, ndetse no muri Afurika, hari ibikorwa bikomeye byubatswe cyangwa biri kubakwa byaciye agahigo ku burebure cyangwa ku butambike — binagaragaza imbaraga z’ikoranabuhanga, ubushobozi bw’ubwubatsi, n’ubuhanga mu igenamigambi rishingiye ku iterambere rirambye.
🏗️ 1. Burj Khalifa – Inyubako ndende kurusha izindi ku Isi (Dubai, UAE)
- Uburebure: 828 metero
- Amagorofa: 163
- Yuzuye: 2010
- Imikoreshereze: Ibiro, amahoteri, inzu zicumbikirwamo, n’amaduka
Burj Khalifa ni ishusho y’iterambere ry’ubwubatsi rishingiye ku bumenyi buhanitse, aho u Buhinde, u Buyapani, n’u Budage bafatanyije mu ikorwa ryayo. Ni yo nyubako ndende ku isi kugeza ubu, kandi yabaye igicumbi cy’ubukerarugendo muri Dubai.
🛣️ 2. China’s National Trunk Highway System (NTHS) – Umuhanda muremure kurusha iyindi ku Isi
- Uburebure: 168,000+ km
- Imirongo: 18 y’ingenzi ihuza ibice byose by’u Bushinwa
Iki ni cyo cyogajuru cy’imihanda ya kaburimbo ku Isi, gikubiyemo imihanda minini ihuza ibihugu n’intara zose z’u Bushinwa, ndetse no kugera ku mipaka. Umushinga watangiye mu 1992, ugera ku musozo w’icyiciro cya mbere mu 2015.
🚆 3. Baikal–Amur Mainline (BAM) Railway – Gari ya moshi ndende itambika mu bikorwaremezo by’u Burusiya
- Uburebure: 4,324 km
- Aho igarukira: Uyu muhanda uhuza u Burengerazuba n’Iburasirazuba bw’u Burusiya
Wubatswe kuva mu 1930, ariko urangira neza mu 1984. Wifashishwa cyane mu guhuza amasoko n’ibikorwa by’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, by’umwihariko mu misozi ya Siberia. Ni wo muhanda w’igare muremure ku Isi wubatse mu gice gikonje cyane.
🛤️ 4. Chuo Shinkansen – Gari ya moshi yihuta cyane kurusha izindi (Maglev, u Buyapani)
- Umuvuduko: 505 km/h
- Uburebure: 286 km (Tokyo–Nagoya), iracyubakwa
- Ikoranabuhanga: Magnetic Levitation (Maglev)
Uyu mushinga ni wo uza imbere mu ikoranabuhanga ryo kwihuta, aho gari ya moshi yirengagiza inzira isanzwe ikaguruka hejuru ya relle. Igabanya igihe cyo kuva Tokyo ujya Nagoya kikagera ku minota 40. Ni kimwe mu bigaragaza aho ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwikorezi rigeze.
🛣️ 5. Panama Canal Expansion – Umuyoboro w’amazi w’ubucuruzi wa mbere ku Isi (Amerika yo Hagati)
- Uburebure: 82 km
- Ibihugu byawugizemo uruhare: USA, Panama, Ubufaransa
Uyu muyoboro uhuza inyanja ya Atlantika n’iyo ya Pacifique, ukaba waragabanyije ingendo z’ubucuruzi ku nyanja hafi 50%. Uyu mushinga wongewemo ubushobozi mu 2016, ushobora kwakira amato manini yitwa “New Panamax”.
🏙️ 6. NEOM – Umujyi w’ahazaza wubatse mu butayu (Arabia Saudite)
- Iri kubakwa: Guhera 2021
- Icyiciro: Umushinga wa triliyoni z’amadolari
- Ikiranga: Umujyi wa “The Line” uzaba ufite km 170 z’uburebure, metero 200 z’ubuhagarike
NEOM ni igitekerezo cya futuristic kigamije kuzana umujyi utangiza ibidukikije, ukoreshwa n’ingufu zisubira, n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho. “The Line” izaba ari nyabagendwa gusa, nta modoka, nta gikorwa gitangiza, kandi izakorerwamo na Artificial Intelligence.
🌉 7. Danyang–Kunshan Grand Bridge (U Bushinwa) – Ikiraro kirekire kurusha ibindi ku Isi
- Uburebure: 164.8 km
- Inyubako: Yakorewe mu myaka 4 gusa (2006–2010)
Iki kiraro cyambukiranya imigezi, ibishanga, n’imisozi; gikoreshwa n’umuhanda wa gari ya moshi ya Beijing-Shanghai. Ni igihangano cy’ubwubatsi bugezweho.
🏞️ 8. Great Man-Made River Project (Libya) – Umushinga munini wo gukwirakwiza amazi
- Uburebure: 4,000+ km
- Intego: Kuvana amazi mu butayu (aquifers) akagezwa mu mijyi
Uyu mushinga, wubatswe kuva mu 1984, wagenewe gutanga amazi mu gihugu cya Libya cyiganjemo ubutayu, ukaba waravuzweho kuba “ikiraro cy’amazi” kidasanzwe ku Isi.
Uko imyaka igenda ishira, amarushanwa mu kubaka “ibitangaza by’isi” birakomeza. U Bushinwa, u Buyapani, Arabia Saudite, Amerika n’ibindi bihugu bikomeye biri kwerekana uko isi nshya izaba isa mu myaka iri imbere.
Isi igeze ahatangaje mu kwihuta no kwagura ibikorwa remezo birenze imipaka y’imyumvire y’abantu ba kera. Ibikorwa nk’ibi ntibigaragaza gusa ubushobozi bw’ikoranabuhanga, ahubwo bigaragaza aho ubukungu n’iterambere riganisha — ku migi ya kijyambere, imihanda n’inzira yihuse, ibikorwaremezo birambye, ndetse n’imyumvire mishya ku isi dutuye.
